Briathar Saor: Passive

Passive Voice: Briathar Saor. The car hit him. this is active voice,we know who did the action. " He was hit by a car", this is passive voice, we do not know who hit him! Another example: "She broke the vase". and "the vase was broken". The latter is passive, we do not know who broke the vase.
Now I'll show you how to do this in Gaeilge: First the irregular verbs that you need: 1. Fuair sé an litir sa halla: Fuarthas an litir sa halla. 2. Rug sé ar an liathróid mhór : Rugadh ar an liathróid mhór. 3. Dúirt an múinteoir go raibh sí falsa(lazy). Dúradh go raibh sí falsa: it was said that she was lazy. Remember: Rugadh í= she was born: Rugadh uirthi= she was caught. Rugadh mé = I was born. Rugadh orm= I was caught/ grabbed!
Do not do any more irregular verbs. So now I'll look at the sets of verbs: Grúpa 1. the - ann verbs. 1. Dhún an príomh-oide an scoil: Dúnadh and scoil. 2. Chuir sí na cóipleabhair sa chófra: Cuireadh na cóipleabhair sa chófra. 3. Thiomáin Daid an carr abhaile go tapaí. Tiomáineadh an carr abhaile go tapaí. 4. Níor ith sí an dinnéar a rinneadh a Maim: Níor itheadh an dinnéar a rinne a Maim. 5. Níor ghearr sé an féar sa ghairdín tosaigh: Níor gearradh an féar sa ghairdín tosaigh. Please note carefully: there is no séimiú in the Past (Aimsir Chaite). níor gearradh, níor dúnadh , níor glanadh, níor siúladh ar scoil.
Now I'll look at the- íonn verbs: 1. They bought chips for lunch. Ceannaíodh sceallóga don lón. That is , chips were bought for lunch. 2. Maim order dinner on the phone for eight o'clock. Ordaíodh dinnéar ar an bhfón le haghaidh a hocht a chlog. 3. Pádraic collected the homework yesterday, Bailíodh an obair bhaile inné. the h/w was collected yesterday. 4. Réitigh Aidan an cheist mhatamatice. Réitíodh an cheist mhatamatice. The maths problem was solved.
// Now all these sentences are in the past tense. Of course you can do them all in the Present and Future too. Now I'll give you an exercise to do, and you must hand it to me , to be corrected . 1. Chuir an múinteoir ceist uirthi, agus thug sí an freagra ceart. 2. Cheistigh an garda an fear faoin robáil. 3. He found the money under the seat. 4. Shocraigh an príomh-oide an scoil a dhúnadh de dheasca na haimsire dona. 5. Bhuail an gluais-rothar an bhean abhí ag siúl trasna na sráide. (Note: find: you can use aimsíonn or faigheann).